Which vessels are exempt from the lights color specification?

The correct choice indicates that vessels of less than 150 meters in length are exempt from the specific lights color specification outlined in the COLREGs. This exemption is in place because smaller vessels often have different operational profiles, including maneuverability and interaction with other vessels, which may not necessitate the same signaling requirements as larger vessels.

Vessels less than 150 meters, while still required to display navigational lights, are allowed some flexibility in how those lights are configured, especially in non-congested areas or situations where their operational conditions permit. This is designed to enhance navigation safety while accommodating the realities of smaller vessels in diverse maritime environments.

While other choices might suggest different vessels or conditions under which light specifications might apply, they do not align with the current regulations. For instance, vessels operating in inland waters or over 300 meters may still have definitive light requirements to ensure clarity in navigation, and fishing vessels are also required to follow specific rules that maintain navigational safety on the water.